Law+and+order

=media type="custom" key="10447062"= = = =Police Surveillance=


 * Surveillance** is the monitoring of the behavior, activities, or other changing information, usually of people and often in a surreptitious manner. It most usually refers to observation of individuals or groups by government organizations, but disease surveillance, for example, is monitoring the progress of a disease in a community.

CCTV is used for surveillance. Closed Circuit TeleVision is the filming of public activities in order to help ensure a safer environment for the people. Cameras are connected to a circuit that saves the data processed by them in a database which can be viewed after or in real time.

One of the biggest issues that the police face with surveillance is the breach of privacy. This can be solved by informing people that they are being filmed, as this will also reduce possible crime rates in filmed areas.

http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/police-camera-crime.htm < useful link!

=Anti-Terrorist Legislation=


 * Anti-terrorism legislation** designs all types of laws passed in the aim of fighting terrorism. They usually, if not always, follow specific bombings or assassinations. Anti-terrorism legislation usually includes specific amendments allowing the state to bypass its own legislation when fighting terrorism-related crimes, under the grounds of necessity.

Because of this suspension of regular procedure, such legislation is sometimes criticized as a form of //lois scélérates// which may unjustly repress all kinds of popular protests. Critics often allege that anti-terrorism legislation endangers democracy by creating a state of exception that allows authoritarian style of government. Governments often state that they are necessary temporary measures that will be dispelled when the danger finally vanish. = = =DNA Database=

A **DNA database** is a government database of DNA profiles which can be used by law enforcement agencies to identify suspects of crimes. The first government database ( NDNAD ) was set up by the United Kingdom in April 1995. The second one was set up in New Zealand. France set up the FNAEG in 1998. In the USA, the FBI has organized the CODIS database. Originally intended for sex offenders, they have since been extended to include almost any criminal offender.



In England and Wales, anyone arrested on suspicion of a recordable offence must submit a DNA sample, the profile of which is then stored on the DNA database as a permanent record. In Scotland, the law requires the DNA profiles of most people who are acquitted be removed from the database. In Sweden, only the DNA profiles of criminals who have spent more than two years in prison are stored. In Norway and Germany, court orders are required, and are only available, respectively, for serious offenders and for those convicted of certain offences and who are likely to reoffend. Forty-nine states in the USA, all apart from Idaho, store DNA profiles of violent offenders, and a few also store profiles of suspects. In 2005 the incoming Portuguese government propsed to introduce a DNA database of the entire population of Portugal. However after informed debate including opinion from the Portuguese Ethics Council the database introduced was of just the criminal population.

1.3_privacy_anonymity
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